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"We know that every exertion of will results in force, and that, according to the above-named German school, the manifestations of atomic forces are individual actions of will, resulting in the unconscious rushing of atoms into the concrete image already subjectively created by the will.   Democritus taught, after his instructor Leucippus, that the first [...]

"Here it is verbatim: "As to the movements and oscillations alleged to happen with certain tables, they can have no cause other than the invisible and involuntary vibrations of the experimenter's muscular system; the extended contraction of the muscles manifesting itself at such time by a series of vibrations, and becoming thus a visible tremor [...]

"To pass from the philosophical speculations of a man like Schopenhauer to the superficial generalizations of some of the french Academicians, would be profitless but for the fact that it enables us to estimate the intellectual grasp of the two schools of learning.   What the German makes of profound psychological questions, we have seen. [...]

""Besides that", continues Schopenhauer, "these manifestations present to us a substantial and perfectly logical contradiction to materialism, and even to naturalism, because in the light of such manifestations, that order of things in nature which both these philosophies seek to present as absolute and the only genuine, appears before us on the contrary purely phenomenal [...]